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The article chronicles the use of a Civil War soldier's diary to teach Civil War history. The project was carried out over a two-semester period in a social studies pedagogy class. The professor and students in cooperative learning groups and whole group discussions interpreted the diary. In this unique process, they also discussed how primary sources might be used to teach middle school and high school students United States History as a dynamic process of real people and not simply facts.

The Common Core Standards (CCS) for English Language Arts and College, Career, and Civic Life Framework (C3) require social studies educators to reconsider connections between literacy and history teaching. In this article we examine three perspectives on literacy teaching: content area literacy, disciplinary literacy, and critical literacy. While some scholars see these perspectives as contradictory or in competition, we demonstrate how content, disciplinary, and critical literacy teaching can complement each other and facilitate teaching to and beyond the CCS standards and C3 framework in intermediate, middle school, and high school history instruction. Our article includes teaching examples as well as appendices of teacher resources.

Is humanity heading to immortal living? If so, what areas of society are playing an active role in achieving this? In order to understand this, the study explores the relationship between immortality and the wellness and medical tourism industry to seek potential relationships between them and ultimately, asks difficult questions about the growth of these tourism sectors and the potential need for greater regulation of them.

Taking a pragmatic philosophical approach and through the examination of refined information from secondary sources and published material and reports, the study presents original theoretical knowledge and a model exploring tourism and human immortality.

This paper argues that continued growth in the wellness and medical markets today could lead to a world where transhumanists and cyborgs are present in our world, even taking over from Homo sapiens. The study presents a model highlighting the potential role of wellness and medical tourism markets, illustrating the potential for future consumer services that could further fuel the search for immortality. Thus, how such markets and consumer desires are (in)directly supporting humanities desire for (non-human) immortal existence.

Today, individuals are driven by wellness practices and medical and cosmetic desires and are willing to travel the globe in search of companies who are either capable of carrying out the desired procedures or seeking prices more affordable to them. This research offers novel insights into these complex relationships and maps the affiliation between wellness and medical practices and the concept of immortality.

In working with pre-service and beginning middle grades social studies teachers, the authors have found that those teachers often struggle to organize and sequence content in meaningful ways. Although many national and state curriculum writing bodies have provided organizational frameworks to guide teachers in designing instruction for middles grades social studies, those same bodies have failed to assist teachers in the task of sequencing instruction in ways that assure learning. This article provides a practical sequencing framework that assists middle grades social studies teachers in designing effective instructional units that connect and integrate all of the social studies disciplines.

Technology product manufacturers and marketers must take into account that customers' awareness and appreciation of the benefits of green technology and products have increased. The purpose of this paper is to determine how technology firms can benefit from green marketing and what pitfalls there are to avoid.

Based on a review of green marketing literature, the paper introduces four approaches to green marketing by means of a matrix outlining four factors associated with perceived and actual greenness of new products and new technology. Then, for each of the four approaches, an appropriate coping strategy is proposed that includes the issues that firms should consider when they use green marketing.

Customers' green values should be well understood when marketing plans for technology products are developed and implemented. Green marketing arguments should be communicated to customers in a coherent and truthful way, to avoid customer scepticism or disbelief.

The paper calls for an increased awareness of the way to utilize green marketing in technology firms. Supporting empirical evidence is still needed from future studies.

The contribution of the paper to academics and practitioners is increased understanding of how green marketing can be applied in technology firms.

This paper aims to advance research that portrays the semantic web as the future web where computer software agents can carry out sophisticated tasks for users.

The paper discusses the major factors that affect the performance and reliability of information services for the web, namely the distribution of information, which has resulted from the globalization of information systems, the heterogeneity of information sources and the sources' instability caused by autonomous evolution.

Man stands at the threshold of being able to create the semantic web, in terms of declaratively representing objects that are already human‐readable on the web. The next step is to make it the dynamic semantic web by encoding procedures in web material as first‐class objects.

Semantic web technology will work with extensible mark‐up language, which will enable electronic commerce by: defining languages that provide support in defining, mapping, and exchanging product data; functioning from the development of standard ontology that will cover various business areas; and utilizing efficient translation services that will require areas of standard ontology.

The paper tackles one of the most pressing issues of the creation of programs that collect web content, process the information and exchange the results with other programs from diverse sources.

Purpose – To describe four instructional components teachers can use to help create more inclusive spaces for struggling readers: (a) language use, (b) repositioning struggling readers as primary knowers, (c) making struggling normal, and (d) creating reading partnerships.Design/methodology/approach – The chapter describes research findings from studies of middle grades students in English language arts, and theorizes work with struggling readers on the basis of identity theories, research about identifying and utilizing students’ own funds of knowledge, and research about the conditions for building reading self-efficacy, motivation, and engagement.Findings – Provides detailed descriptions of how teachers’ language use, reading partnerships, making struggling a normal part of reading processes, and helping struggling readers become full participants in classroom life, including models, examples, and interview data with middle grades struggling readers.Research limitations/implications – Adjusting teachers’ language use in discussions of how to read, using students’ knowledge of reading and other topics from outside of school, enabling collaboration through peer reading partnerships, and positioning all students to understand that struggling with reading is normal and not necessarily a sign of low ability.Practical implications – This is a valuable source for classroom teachers who are seeking successful strategies for engaging and supporting struggling readers while also creating a positive classroom environment for reading instruction in general.Originality/value of chapter – The environment a reading teacher creates, including the language that teacher uses, can have a powerful and positive impact on struggling readers’ classroom identities, self-efficacy, motivation, and ability to engage successfully with reading processes in school.

Presents a comparative analysis of the attitudes to and the use of quality management practices (QMP) in Australia’s manufacturing and service industries. Outlines the survey methodologies, lists questions asked and summarizes responses to them. Identifies and comments on statistically significant differences in the use of quality management practices between the two sectors. Discusses the attitudes towards the use of and factors which encourage or discourage the implementation of QM practices in Australia’s manufacturing and service industries. Finds that the manufacturing sector uses quality management practices more than the service sector. Attempts to explain these differences and suggests further research.

Describes the results of a survey in manufacturing, distribution and service organizations concerning total quality management (TQM). These results proved that an effective TQM programme should contain consistent training of all employees; significant improvement in communication between departments; and development of the standards to measure and control the cost of quality. Based on the survey results, identifies quantitative relationships between quality improvement characteristics and different internal factors. Statistical regression models developed revealed leading predictors of a successful TQM programme.